Pulmonary vascular disease & thromboembolism
Sex differences in temporal trends in main and secondary pulmonary embolism diagnosis and case fatality rates: 2003–2019
Authors' conclusion
PE hospital diagnosis increased significantly between 2003 and 2019 in men and women for both main and secondary diagnosis. Although in-hospital CFR decreased one third still remains very high, especially in men with secondary PE diagnosis.
Study context
- Population
- Patients ≥18 years with main or secondary pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis, Spain's National Healthcare System hospitals, 2003–2019
- Participants
- 339,469 PE diagnoses
- Exposure
- Men vs women
- Outcome
- Sex differences in temporal trends in main and secondary hospital PE diagnoses, management and CFR
- Follow-up
- 2003–2019
Methodological detailsnational hospital database, joinpoint and Poisson regression
- National hospital database
- Joinpoint and Poisson regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
CFR, by sex and diagnosis type · 2003 to 2019
| Group | Case fatality rates (CFR), PE main diagnosis | CFR, PE secondary diagnosis |
|---|---|---|
| Men | 13.8% in 2003 to 7.3% in 2019 | 42.5% in 2003 to 26.2% in 2019 |
| Women | 13.1% in 2003 to 6.9% in 2019 | 34.4% in 2003 to 22.8% in 2019 |
Case fatality rates (CFR), PE main diagnosis
Men13.8% in 2003 to 7.3% in 2019
Women13.1% in 2003 to 6.9% in 2019
CFR, PE secondary diagnosis
Men42.5% in 2003 to 26.2% in 2019
Women34.4% in 2003 to 22.8% in 2019
- CFR for PE as secondary diagnosis remained higher in men than women
- P < 0.001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Secondary PE (proportion of diagnoses)
P < 0.001
Cancer, secondary diagnosis group
P < 0.001
| Outcome | Men | Women | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Charlson comorbidity index | 2.22 ± 0.01 | 1.74 ± 0.01 | P < 0.001 |
- Secondary PE (proportion of diagnoses): Overall: 65% main diagnosis, 35.2% secondary
Total annual PE diagnoses and frequentation rates · 2003–2019
- Increased similarly in men and women; Average annual percent change (AAPC) 2.0% (95% CI, 1.3-2.6)
- P < 0.005
Original publication
Sex differences in temporal trends in main and secondary pulmonary embolism diagnosis and case fatality rates: 2003–2019. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes. Published 9 May 2022. doi:10.
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