Heart failure & cardiomyopathies
Timing of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Following Stable Medical Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors' conclusion
Time from the achievement of SMT to CRT implantation decreased over the study period. Delayed CRT implantation beyond 3 months was associated with higher cardiovascular mortality compared with earlier implantation after GDMT optimization.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with heart failure (HF) on stable medical therapy (SMT) who received cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), Swedish ICD and Pacemaker Registry, 2007–2020
- Participants
- 9,409 patients
- Exposure
- Time from SMT to CRT implantation: <3 months or >9 months vs 3-9 months
- Outcome
- Clinical outcomes (mortality and morbidity) by time from SMT to CRT implantation
Methodological detailsSwedish ICD and Pacemaker Registry, multivariable Cox regression
- Swedish ICD and Pacemaker Registry
- Multivariable Cox regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Time from SMT to CRT implantation
- <3 months · CV death, adjusted
- lower risk 9%; P = 0.045
- >9 months · CV death/HF hospitalization, adjusted
- higher risk 13%
- >9 months · CV death, adjusted
- higher risk 12%; P = 0.040
- >9 months · first HF hospitalization, adjusted
- higher risk 11%; P = 0.013
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Determinants of time to implantation
- Shorter time: recent HF hospitalization, previous defibrillator, greater use of guideline-directed medical therapy
- Longer time: history of HF >6 months, ischemic heart disease
Original publication
Timing of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Following Stable Medical Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure. JACC Heart Fail. Published 20 June 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →