Trends in risk factors among young patients with acute myocardial infarction: a nationwide cohort study
An erratum to this article was published (Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes, 19 Dec 2025 ↗)
Authors' conclusion
Three in four young AMI patients have at least one known risk factor, of which obesity is the most common. Risk factor burden and clinical outcomes are worse among females. Prevention strategies and enhanced follow-up for young AMI patients should be prioritized. Further studies are needed to investigate sex-specific risk factors.
Study context
- Population
- Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients aged 18–59 and matched non-AMI controls from the general population, Sweden, 2006 to 2021AMI cases 44,254 · AMI cases, females 9,602 · AMI cases, males 34,652 · non-AMI controls 220,721 · non-AMI controls, females 47,967 · non-AMI controls, males 172,754
- Participants
- 44,254 vs 220,721
- Exposure
- AMI cases vs non-AMI controls, stratified by sex
- AMI casesn = 44,254
- non-AMI controlsn = 220,721
- Outcome
- Prevalence of at least one risk factor among AMI cases
Methodological detailsmatched non-AMI controls, Swedish registries
- Matched non-AMI controls
- Swedish registries
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Females
78.9
%
Males
73.7%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Five-year mortality
Obesity
- Obesity increased from
- 25.2 to 35.5%
- Becoming the most common risk factor
Clinical outcomes (MACE and bleeding)
- Risk higher in cases than controls and in females compared with males among the cases, but lower among females compared with males among the controls
Original publication
Trends in risk factors among young patients with acute myocardial infarction: a nationwide cohort study. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes. Published 26 May 2025. doi:10.
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