Wine consumption, Mediterranean diet, and cardiovascular risk in two Spanish cohorts
Authors' conclusion
In PREDIMED, moderate wine consumption, as part of the MedDiet, appeared to be associated with lower mortality and CVD risk. Some non-significant associations and interactions advise caution in interpretation of these findings.
Study context
- Population
- High-risk participants in PREDIMED; younger Spanish SUN cohortPREDIMED 7447
- Exposure
- Good vs poor Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) compliance, excluding or including wine
- Outcome
- Major CVD or all-cause mortality
- Follow-up
- CVD over 4.8-year ; all-cause mortality over 17 years
Methodological detailstwo cohorts, multivariable-adjusted
- Two cohorts
- Multivariable-adjusted
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
PREDIMED: CVD and all-cause mortality
Each group vs poor compliersHazard ratio (95% CI)
Good compliers (excluding wine)CVD; multivariable-adjusted
0.84(0.61–1.15)
Good compliers (including wine)CVD
0.55(0.36–0.83)
Good compliers (excluding wine)all-cause mortality
0.77(0.68–0.87)
Good compliers (including wine)all-cause mortality
0.67(0.57–0.78)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| SUN cohort: all-cause mortality — Good compliers (excluding wine) vs Poor compliers | 0.94 (0.71–1.26) | |
| SUN cohort: all-cause mortality — Good compliers (including wine) vs Poor compliers | 0.54 (0.28–1.04) | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
PREDIMED: exploratory dose-response, abstainer bias and interaction analyses
- Reduced risk of death not present with ≥3 glasses of wine/day
- Analyses least vulnerable to abstainer bias not significant
- Multiplicative interaction terms for the wine item not significant
- Exploratory
SUN cohort: Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
- No significant associations between MedDiet compliance, wine and CVD
Pooled cohorts: all-cause mortality
- Wine within the MedDiet associated with lower all-cause mortality
- P = 0.01
Original publication
Wine consumption, Mediterranean diet, and cardiovascular risk in two Spanish cohorts. Eur Heart J. Published 11 February 2026. doi:10.
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it