Heart failure & cardiomyopathies
Apical papillary muscle displacement is a prevalent feature and a phenotypic precursor of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors' conclusion
Apical PM displacement is part of the phenotypic Ap-HCM spectrum and may precede the development of hypertrophy.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) undergoing cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) (25% females, median age 57 years)156 patients plus 55 controls
- Participants
- 70 / 48 / 38 / 55
- Exposure
- Ap-HCM vs Mixed-HCM vs Sep-HCM vs healthy controls
- Sep-HCMn = 70
- Mixed-HCMn = 48
- Ap-HCMn = 38
- Controlsn = 55reference
- Outcome
- Presence and frequency of apical PM displacement on CMR
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Apical PM displacement
| Outcome | Sep-HCM | Mixed-HCM | Ap-HCM | Controls | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apical PM displacement | 13% | ||||
| Inferomedial PM | 13% | 65% | 92% | — not stated in the abstract | P < 0.001 |
| Anterolateral PM | 9% | 40% | 61% | — not stated in the abstract | P < 0.001 |
— not stated in the abstract
- All HCM patients
- 55%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Sep-HCM | Mixed-HCM | Ap-HCM |
|---|---|---|---|
| T-wave inversion (inferior; lateral leads) | |||
| Inferior | 57% | 89% | 100% |
| Lateral | 17% | 29% | 65% |
- T-wave inversion (inferior; lateral leads): P < 0.001 for both
Prior CMR in Ap-HCM patients (n = 8) · median interval 7 (3-8) years
- Apical hypertrophy at first CMR
- 0
- Median apical wall thickness at first CMR
- 8 (7-9) mm
- Apical papillary muscle (PM) displacement at first CMR
- all
Original publication
Apical papillary muscle displacement is a prevalent feature and a phenotypic precursor of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. Published 28 April 2023. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →