Heart failure & cardiomyopathies
Global, regional and national epidemiology of myocarditis: health inequalities, risk factors and forecasted burden based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors' conclusion
Myocarditis is an increasing global health challenge with rising incidence and death. Management of extreme temperatures remains a major challenge. The number of incidence, death and DALYs in different age groups would continue to grow over the next 15 years. Therefore, measures should be taken to target risk factors and high-risk groups.
Study context
- Population
- Myocarditis, Global Burden of Diseases 2021 data
- Outcome
- Incidence and death cases
- Follow-up
- 1990 to 2021
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Increase in incidence cases
66.88%
Increase in death cases
45.94%
Further findings
Incidence and death cases by sociodemographic index (SDI) region
- Myocarditis-associated incidence and death cases increased in all five SDI regions
- High SDI region had the highest age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) with the least age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardised DALYs rate (ASDR) in 2021
Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of ASIR, ASMR and ASDR by region
- Central Asia had the largest increase in EAPC of ASIR, ASMR and ASDR
Country-level ASIR, ASMR and ASDR · 2021
- Japan had the highest ASIR in 2021
- Romania had the highest ASMR and ASDR
Slope Inequality of Index (SII) and Concentration Index for Disability-adjusted Life-years (DALYs) · Between 1990 and 2021
- Declining trends
Risk factors · 1990-2021
- Extreme temperatures were major contributors to the burden of myocarditis
Projected burden · next 15 years
- Global number of new cases and death would increase
- Possible upward trends in people of 15+ (incidence number) and 40+ (death and DALYs number)
Original publication
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