Heart failure & cardiomyopathies
Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and N-Terminal Pro-BNP in Acute Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors' conclusion
Serum GDF15 could be an additional prognostic information to NT-proBNP in patients with HFpEF. The prognostic abilities of serum GDF15 and NT-proBNP differed according to sex. These markers were the feasible markers for patients with HFpEF, identifying those at a high risk for HF-related events and all-cause deaths.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)mean age 73 ± 12, 42% females, median follow-up 1998 days
- Participants
- 643 patients
- Exposure
- Serum GDF15 and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels and their combination for prediction of HF-related events and all-cause deaths
- Outcome
- HF-related events:
- Multivariate Cox
- Adjusted for confounding risk factors
- Follow-up
- Median 1998 days
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Hazard ratio (95% CI)P value
GDF15
1.72(1.35–2.19)
P < 0.0001NT-proBNP
1.63(1.25–2.13)
P = 0.0003Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Events during follow-up · median 1998 days
- HF-related events
- 132
- All-cause deaths
- 88
Prediction capacity for HF-related events with GDF15 added
- Prediction capacity (with vs without GDF15)
- 0.7405 vs. 0.7190; P = 0.0422
- Net reclassification index
- 0.2724
- Integrated discrimination improvement
- 0.0246
C indices of GDF15 vs NT-proBNP in men
- HF-related events (GDF15 vs NT-proBNP)
- 0.7389 vs. 0.6721; P = 0.0393
- All-cause deaths (GDF15 vs NT-proBNP)
- 0.6922 vs.0.6109; P = 0.0262
- Not significantly different in women
Risk stratification by combination of GDF15 and NT-proBNP
- Combination identified patients at high risk for HF-related events and all-cause deaths
Original publication
Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and N-Terminal Pro-BNP in Acute Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. ESC Heart Fail. Published 3 February 2025. doi:10.
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