Incidence of Stroke in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors' conclusion
This meta-analysis describes the incidence rate of stroke and TIA in the ACHD population. High-quality studies are needed to identify which ACHD patients are at the highest risk and to develop effective strategies for primary stroke prevention in this population.
Study context
- Population
- Adults (age 16 years or older) with congenital heart disease (adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD))studies meeting inclusion criteria of 11,028 identified abstracts, 39 incidence-rate estimates from 24 studies entered in the meta-analysis
- Participants
- 27 studies adults
- Outcome
- Stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), pooled incidence rate
Methodological detailsRandom-effects meta-analysis, PRISMA guidelines, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Risk of Bias
- Random-effects meta-analysis
- PRISMA guidelines
- Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Risk of Bias
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
- Pooled incidence rate
- 0.58 per 100 person-years
- 95% CI
- 0.39-0.86
- I2
- 97.8%
- P
- P < 0.001
Further pooled results
Studies reporting age
- Studies reporting mean or median age
- Twenty-one
- Of those, studies with mean or median age <60 years
- 19
Ischemic stroke, pooled incidence rate (secondary analysis stratified by outcome subtype)
- Pooled incidence rate
- 0.59 per 100 person-years
- 95% CI
- 0.36-0.95
- I2
- 98%
- P
- P = 0.01
- Secondary analysis
Original publication
Incidence of Stroke in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JACC Adv. Published 18 June 2025. doi:10.
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