Prevention & lipidsCohort study
Long-term lifestyle change and risk of mortality and Type 2 diabetes in patients with cardiovascular disease
- Prospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
These findings suggest that maintaining or adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly lower mortality and incident T2D risk in CVD patients.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the UCC-SMART cohort who returned for a re-assessment visit (SMART2) after ∼10 years; self-reported lifestyle change (smoking, waist circumference, physical activity, alcohol consumption)
- Participants
- 2,011 patients
- Exposure
- Lifestyle change categories vs persistently unhealthy lifestyle
- Outcome
- All-cause mortality, CV mortality and incident T2DM
- Follow-up
- Median 6.1 (IQR 3.6-9.6) years after the SMART2 visit
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs persistently unhealthyHazard ratio (95% CI)
Persistently healthyall-cause mortality
0.48(0.36–0.63)
Persistently healthyCV mortality
0.57(0.38–0.87)
Persistently healthyincident T2DM
0.46(0.28–0.73)
Improvedall-cause mortality
0.52(0.37–0.74)
ImprovedCV mortality
0.46(0.26–0.81)
Improvedincident T2DM
0.50(0.27–0.92)
- Deaths during follow-up
- 285
- New T2DM diagnoses
- 99
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Long-term lifestyle change and risk of mortality and Type 2 diabetes in patients with cardiovascular disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol. Published 29 September 2023. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwad316
Summarised from the published abstract; every number is checked against it