Heart failure & cardiomyopathies

Noninvasive assessment of left ventricular performance using pressure–volume loops, blood propulsion and strain tensors: results from the World Alliance of Societies of Echocardiography study

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc ImagingPublished World Alliance of Societies of Echocardiography study

Authors' conclusion

This study analysed a large normal population with physics-based methods that allow a deep mechanical and haemodynamic analysis of 3DE with 70% feasibility and provided reference values for a series of advanced parameters and their dependency on sex, age, and race.

Study context

Population
Normal subjects with three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) data
Participants
1,403 normal subjects
Comparison
Differences in noninvasive pressure-volume (PV) loops, intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPG) and left ventricular (LV) strain tensors by sex, age and race
Outcome
Sex- and age-related differences in strain and PV loop

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

  • Sex- and age-related differences in strain and PV loop are limited to some parameters only

Further findings

Haemodynamic performance in terms of IVPG

Does not vary with sex and is reduced with aging

Race-related differences

Asian populations are characterized by smaller hearts, higher EF, strain, and PV loop scores than Whites, which in turn have similar LV size to Blacks and higher EF, strain, and PV loop scores, while IVPG was more similar across the populations

Feasibility

Feasibility
70%

Original publication

Noninvasive assessment of left ventricular performance using pressure–volume loops, blood propulsion and strain tensors: results from the World Alliance of Societies of Echocardiography study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. Published 7 July 2025. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jeaf196

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