Heart failure & cardiomyopathies
Sodium Restriction in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors' conclusion
In a meta-analysis of RCTs, sodium restriction was not associated with fewer deaths or hospitalizations in patients with HF. Dietary sodium restriction may be associated with improvements in symptoms and QoL.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with heart failure (HF)17 randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
- Participants
- 834 vs 871
- Comparison
- Sodium restriction vs no restriction
- Sodium restrictionn = 834
- Controln = 871reference
- Outcome
- Mortality, hospitalization, change in NYHA functional class and QoL (outcomes of interest)
Methodological detailsaggregate data meta-analysis, Cochrane Central, MEDLINE, Embase Ovid and CINAHL Plus searched up to April 2, 2022
- Aggregate data meta-analysis
- Cochrane Central, MEDLINE, Embase Ovid and CINAHL Plus searched up to April 2, 2022
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
Sodium restriction vs ControlOdds ratio (95% CI)
All-cause death
0.95(0.58–1.58)
Hospitalization
0.84(0.62–1.13)
Composite of death/hospitalization
0.88(0.63–1.23)
Further pooled results
Death, by subgroup
- Results similar across subgroups, except numerically lower risk of death in RCTs with dietary sodium 2000 to 3000 mg/d vs <2000 mg/d, and in RCTs with vs without fluid restriction as co-intervention
NYHA class change
- 2 RCTs (two-thirds of the data) showed improvement in NYHA class with sodium restriction
Quality of life (QoL)
- 6 RCTs showed improvement of QoL; 4 RCTs showed no improvement
- Substantial heterogeneity
Original publication
Sodium Restriction in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Circ Heart Fail. Published 14 November 2022. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →