Standardization of Baseline and Provocative Invasive Hemodynamic Protocols for the Evaluation of Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

To provide the evidence and rationale underlying best practices for static and provocative right heart catheterization, as well as actionable protocols to standardize their practice, including resting right heart catheterization, vasodilator challenges to assess pulmonary hypertension reversibility in heart failure, volume challenges, invasive exercise hemodynamic testing, vasodilator testing for acute pulmonary hypertension, ramp, reverse-ramp, and exercise studies in patients with left ventricular assist devices, and temporal changes in invasive hemodynamics from cardiogenic shock to remote patient monitoring