Substance Use–Associated Infective Endocarditis Mortality in Young U.S. Adults, 2018 to 2024
Authors' conclusion
SU-IE mortality in young U.S. adults declined after 2021 but remained marked by demographic and geographic disparities.
Study context
- Population
- U.S. adults aged 25 to 44 years with infective endocarditis (IE)-associated deaths, 2018 to 2024IE-associated deaths in adults aged 25 to 44 years
- Participants
- 9,745 adults
- Outcome
- Substance-use overlap among IE-associated deaths
- Follow-up
- 2018 to 2024
Methodological detailsjoinpoint annual percent changes
- Joinpoint annual percent changes
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
SU-IE deaths
3,756 of 9,745
38.5%
Further findings
Annual SU-IE deaths
- 2020
- 655/1,604 (40.8%)
- 2021
- 655/1,643 (39.9%)
- 2024
- 338/1,051 (32.2%)
Age-adjusted SU-IE mortality rate
- 2021
- 0.75 per 100,000 (95% CI: 0.69-0.80)
- 2024
- 0.41 (95% CI: 0.37-0.45)
Overlap proportion
- 2018
- 604/1,447 (41.7%)
- 2024
- 338/1,051 (32.2%)
Post-2021 annual percent change (significant declines)
- Females
- −23.59%
- Adults aged 25 to 34 years
- −31.73%
- Adults aged 35 to 44 years
- −12.55%
- White adults
- −23.46%
Demographic and geographic disparities
- American Indian or Alaska Native adults had the highest rates
- Nonurban counties exceeded large central metropolitan counties
SU-IE among adults aged ≥25 years (expanded analysis)
- IE-associated deaths meeting SU-IE criteria
- 5,967/115,096 (5.2%)
- Of those SU-IE deaths, aged ≥45 years
- 2,211/5,967 (37.1%)
Original publication
Substance Use–Associated Infective Endocarditis Mortality in Young U.S. Adults, 2018 to 2024. JACC Adv. Published September 2026. doi:10.
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