Educational attainment of children with congenital heart disease in the United Kingdom
Authors' conclusion
Children with CHD have lower educational attainment compared with their peers. Deficits are evident from school entry and increase throughout primary school.
Study context
- Population
- Children recruited to the Born in Bradford birth cohort, UK, March 2007–December 2010
- Participants
- 139 vs 11,188
- Exposure
- Children with CHD vs children with no major congenital anomaly
- CHDn = 139
- Controlsn = 11,188reference
- Outcome
- Odds of 'below expected' attainment in maths, reading and writing
- Follow-up
- Ages 4-11 years
Methodological detailsbirth cohort (Born in Bradford), record linkage, multivariable regression
- Birth cohort (Born in Bradford)
- Record linkage
- Multivariable regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
'Below expected' attainment in maths
CHD vs ControlsOdds ratio (95% CI)
Age 4-5 years
1.64(1.07–2.52)
Age 6-7
2.03(1.32–3.12)
Age 10-11
2.28(1.01–5.14)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | OR (CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Receiving special educational needs supportCHDvs ControlsAge 4-5 | 4.84 (2.06–11.40) | |
| Receiving special educational needs supportCHDvs ControlsAge 6-7 | 3.65 (2.41–5.53) | |
| Receiving special educational needs supportCHDvs ControlsAge 10-11 | 2.73 (1.84–4.06) | |
| 0.050.21520Odds ratio (log scale) |
Attainment by cardio-pulmonary bypass exposure
- Attainment similar with and without exposure to cardio-pulmonary bypass
Pre-school hospital admissions
- Lower attainment strongly associated with number of pre-school hospital admissions
Original publication
Educational attainment of children with congenital heart disease in the United Kingdom. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes. Published 20 November 2023. doi:10.
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