Impact of Maternal Diabetes on the Incidence of Critical Congenital Heart Disease in the United States
Authors' conclusion
Maternal diabetes, both pregestational and gestational, significantly increases the risk of CCHD.
Study context
- Population
- Single live births at gestational age ≥20 weeks, US, 2016–2021
- Participants
- 22,646,079 live births
- Exposure
- Pregestational or gestational diabetes vs no maternal diabetes
- Outcome
- Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) in offspring
Methodological detailsUS national natality data (CDC WONDER), multivariable logistic regression
- US national natality data (CDC WONDER)
- Multivariable logistic regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
CCHD
Each group vs no diabetesAdjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
Pregestational diabetes
4.33(3.93–4.76)
Gestational diabetes
1.47(1.38–1.57)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) incidence (all live births)
- CCHD cases
- 13,533
- Incidence
- 6 per 10,000 live births
Other CCHD risk factors
- Pregestational hypertension, gestational hypertension and late initiation of antenatal care were additional risk factors
- Longer gestational age associated with lower CCHD risk
Original publication
Impact of Maternal Diabetes on the Incidence of Critical Congenital Heart Disease in the United States. JACC Adv. Published 18 September 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →