Individual response to lifestyle interventions: a pooled analysis of three long-term weight loss trials
Authors' conclusion
While only ∼one-third of individuals achieved long-term WL, the Moderate-WL and WL-Resistant individuals could benefit improvements in visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic risk by shifting towards a healthy lifestyle pattern, beyond WL. Site-specific DNA methylation may predict an individual's likelihood of successful WL.
Study context
- Population
- Participants of long-term lifestyle weight loss (WL) trials (completers: mean age 50.4 years, 89% men, baseline BMI 30.1 kg/m²)761 completers analysed
- Comparison
- Successful-WL vs Moderate-WL vs WL-Resistant
- Outcome
- WL response categories
- Follow-up
- 18–24 months
Methodological detailsDIRECT, CENTRAL, DIRECT PLUS
- DIRECT, CENTRAL, DIRECT PLUS
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
- Mean WL
- −3.3 kg (−3.5%)
- WL-Resistant: increased high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc) and decreased leptin and visceral fat vs baseline
- P < 0.05
Further pooled results
Change in cardiometabolic markers per 1 kg sustained WL
- HDLc
- +1.44%
- Triglycerides
- −1.37%
- Insulin
- −2.46%
- HOMA-IR
- −2.71%
- Leptin
- −2.79%
- Intrahepatic fat
- −0.49 absolute-units
- SBP
- −0.26%
- DBP
- −0.36%
DNA methylation sites associated with Successful-WL
- Significant methylation sites
- 12
- AUC
- 0.73
- FDR < 0.05
Original publication
Individual response to lifestyle interventions: a pooled analysis of three long-term weight loss trials. Eur J Prev Cardiol. Published 5 June 2025. doi:10.
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