Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Health Status and Long-Term Outcomes in a Primary Prevention Cohort
Authors' conclusion
In this primary prevention cohort, as cardiovascular health status declined, the relative impact on the future rate of CVD was greater for women than for men.
Study context
- Population
- Adults in the Ontario Health Study (March 2009-December 2017) with no prior cardiovascular disease (CVD)61.4% women
- Participants
- 175,098 adults
- Exposure
- Ideal vs intermediate vs poor cardiovascular health, by sex
- Outcome
- Incident CVD events, association with cardiovascular health status by sex
- Follow-up
- To March 31, 2023
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Incident CVD events, by sex
Each group vs idealHazard ratio (95% CI)
Intermediatewomen, age-adjusted
2.31(1.72–3.11)
Intermediatemen, age-adjusted
1.57(1.16–2.11)
Poorwomen, age-adjusted
5.08(3.78–6.84)
Poormen, age-adjusted
2.54(1.89–3.41)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Cardiovascular health status distribution, women vs men
- Ideal cardiovascular health, women vs men
- 9.1% vs 4.6%
- Poor cardiovascular health, women vs men
- 21.9% vs 30.5%
Original publication
Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Health Status and Long-Term Outcomes in a Primary Prevention Cohort. JACC Adv. Published 1 September 2025. doi:10.
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