Aortic & peripheral vascular disease
Validation of Wound, Ischemia, and Foot Infection Classification in Infrapopliteal Arterial Disease Undergoing Endovascular Therapy
Main finding · MAEResult — go to the resultHazard ratio 1.23 95% CI 1.06–1.43Authors' conclusion
Although the WIfI classification system shows predictive ability for MAE, amputation-free survival, major amputation, and all-cause death, the prognostic differences are driven primarily by stage 4.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with infrapopliteal arterial occlusive disease undergoing endovascular therapy975 limbs
- Participants
- 944 patients
- Exposure
- Wound, Ischemia, and Foot Infection (WIfI) stage
- Outcome
- Freedom from major adverse events (MAE) (major amputation, all-cause death, clinically driven target limb reintervention)
- Follow-up
- 12 months
Methodological detailsmulticentre, 10 Chinese centres
- Multicentre
- 10 Chinese centres
Main finding
MAE
Hazard ratio
1.23
95% CI 1.06–1.43
P = 0.007
WIfI stage
HR 1.23 (95% CI 1.06–1.43); P = 0.007
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
Major amputation or all-cause death
| HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| WIfI stage | 1.41 (1.18–1.69) | P < 0.001 | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
All-cause death
| HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| WIfI stage | 1.38 (1.12–1.70) | P = 0.002 | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Major amputation
- WIfI stage independently linked; pairwise comparisons showed no significant differences among stages
Clinically driven target lesion reintervention
- No independent association with WIfI stage
Original publication
Validation of Wound, Ischemia, and Foot Infection Classification in Infrapopliteal Arterial Disease Undergoing Endovascular Therapy. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. Published 27 April 2026. doi:10.
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