Immunodeficiency is prevalent in congenital heart disease and associated with increased risk of emergency admissions and death
Authors' conclusion
Limited immune competence is common in CHD patients and associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), German administrative health data
- Participants
- 54,449 patients394,289 patient-years
- Exposure
- Increased susceptibility to infection (ISI) or documented immune deficiency syndromes (IDS) vs none in CHD patients
- ISIn = 14,998
- IDSn = 3,034
- Outcome
- Prevalence of ISI or confirmed IDS; prognostic significance for all-cause mortality and emergency hospital admission
Methodological detailspopulation-based, administrative German Health System data, age-matched control group
- Population-based
- Administrative German Health System data
- Age-matched control group
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Documented IDS in age-matched general population
- 2.9%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
All-cause mortality (multivariable Cox analysis)
| HR | P value | |
|---|---|---|
| ISIIndependent predictor | 2.14 | P < 0.001 |
| IDSIndependent predictor | 1.77 | P = 0.035 |
- All-cause mortality (multivariable Cox analysis) — CHD patients who died
- 3824
- All-cause mortality (multivariable Cox analysis) — Combined all-cause mortality or emergency admission
- 31 017
Emergency hospital admission (competing risk analysis)
- ISI and confirmed IDS associated with significantly higher risk
- P = 0.01 for both
Original publication
Immunodeficiency is prevalent in congenital heart disease and associated with increased risk of emergency admissions and death. Eur Heart J. Published 7 February 2023. doi:10.
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